简单搭建Halo博客

前言

本文测试环境：Debian12。

安装Docker

官方文档：Install Docker Engine on Debian | Docker Docs

安装Docker的apt源仓库

# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update

安装Docker

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
sudo apt install docker-compose

安装配置运行halo博客

新建用户

sudo useradd -r -m -s /sbin/nologin halo
sudo gpasswd -a halo docker
newgrp docker

配置Halo

cd /home/halo
sudo mkdir halo
cd halo
sudo vim docker-compose.yml

写入

version: "3"

services:
  halo:
    image: halohub/halo:2.11
    container_name: halo
    restart: on-failure:3
    depends_on:
      halodb:
        condition: service_healthy
    networks:
      halo_network:
    volumes:
      - ./halo2:/root/.halo2
    ports:
      - "8090:8090"
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:8090/actuator/health/readiness"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 30s
    command:
      - --spring.r2dbc.url=r2dbc:pool:mysql://halodb:3306/halo
      - --spring.r2dbc.username=root
      # MySQL 的密码，请保证与下方 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 的变量值一致。
      - --spring.r2dbc.password=o#DwN&JSa56
      - --spring.sql.init.platform=mysql
      # 外部访问地址，请根据实际需要修改
      - --halo.external-url=http://localhost:8090/

  halodb:
    image: mysql:8.1.0
    container_name: halodb
    restart: on-failure:3
    networks:
      halo_network:
    command: 
      - --default-authentication-plugin=caching_sha2_password
      - --character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
      - --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
    volumes:
      - ./mysql:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./mysqlBackup:/data/mysqlBackup
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "127.0.0.1", "--silent"]
      interval: 3s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 30s
    environment:
      # 请修改此密码，并对应修改上方 Halo 服务的 SPRING_R2DBC_PASSWORD 变量值
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=o#DwN&JSa56
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=halo

networks:
  halo_network:

sudo chown -R halo:halo ./halo/

注册为服务

sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/halo.service

写入

[Unit]
Description=Halo
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=halo
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=60s
ExecStart=docker-compose up
WorkingDirectory=/home/halo/halo

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

sudo systemctl enable halo.service
sudo systemctl start halo.service

安装配置运行Nginx

sudo apt install nginx
sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/halo.conf

写入

upstream halo {
        server 127.0.0.1:8090;
}

server {
        listen 80;

        server_name gs42.net www.gs42.net;

        rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 permanent;
}

server {
        listen 443 ssl;

        server_name gs42.net www.gs42.net;

        ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/conf.d/cert/gs42.net_nginx/gs42.net_bundle.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/conf.d/cert/gs42.net_nginx/gs42.net.key;
        ssl_session_timeout 5m;
        ssl_protocols   TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
        ssl_ciphers     ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

        client_max_body_size 1024m;

        location / {
                proxy_pass http://halo;
                proxy_set_header HOST $host;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;
}

sudo systemctl restart nginx.service